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E. L. MESSLER ET AL HOT TOP Filed Ooi. 51. 1928 FIB.

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INVENTOR Eugene L. Messler and.

lames M. Guhre attarnej Patented Dec. 10, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE EUGENE L. MESSLER AND JAMES IVI. G'UTHRIE, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA; SAID GUTHRIE ASSIGNOR TO JAMES THOMAS, 0F SHARPSVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA HOT TOP application mea october a1, 192s. serial No. 316,309.

This invention relates to an improvement in a hot top for ingot molds.

The objection of hot tops composed entirely of refractory material is due to the fact that they Wear and deteriorate so rapidly that a hot top may only be used in the casting of one, or possibly' two ingots. Ordinarily, a hot top has a refractory portion extending several inches into the ingot mold to serve as a protection for the region of jointure between the hot top and the ingot mold, and to cool the hot metal and prevent its escape at this region. It is this depending portion of the hot top that often breaks, due to the forces of the cooling and contracting ingot.

The object of this invent-ion is to provide a hot top structure having a metal reinforced outer casing, which isrelatively substantial to permit its repeated use, and to provide an internal lining member for the casing to protect the region of jointure between the hot top and ingot mold.

In the accompanying drawings Figurev l is a vertical sectional View through a hot top, showing a thin metal lining fixed therein; Figure Il is a similar View through a slightly modified hot top structure; Figure III is a like View showing a further modified hot top structure and Figure lV is a similar sectional view showing a still further modification of the invention.

Figure I of the drawings shows in vertical. section a hot top designated by the reference numeral l, and seated on the ingot mold 2. This hot top is cast of suitable metal, such as iron, and has an outer continuous wall la. Adjoining the -upper and lower extremities of the wall lEL are the webs 1b and lc respectively, and extending between the inner edges of said `webs are a plurality of spoke or rib membens 1d. Arranged within the spokes 1d is the relatively thin metal lining member 3. It Will be noticed that the lining member may be suitably fixed by outturning its upper edge 3a over the web l".

The lining 3 is extended several inches into the ingot mold 2. The reason for this is to prevent metal, during the teeming operation, from flowing out the line of jointure 4 between the hot topA and the ingot mold. It has been found that this structure causes the metal to congeal or solidify in the region 5, before it reaches the said line of jointure.

It is the function of the spokes or ribs 1d to support the lining member throughout its length in the hot top, and prevent the same from bulging or distorting, due to the weight and heat of the metal tesmed into the ingot and hot top. .Between the lining member and the wall l of the hot top there is a space 6 of vconsiderable volume. Into this space there may be suitably fixed a refractory material, such as ireclay or refractory rick. However, the hot top is illustrated without the interposition of a refractory substance,

as just mentioned; since it was found that the constrained air in this spaceserved as an insulating medium.

By forming the wall la and the spokes 1d of relatively slight thickness, the loss of heat by conduction is minimized. A ca 7, as shown in dotted lines, may be desirafily employed to cover the pouring hole 8 after the ingot has been teemed.

Figure II shows a slightly modified form of hot top, and comprises an outer casing of metall 9 having the refractory material 10 retained therein. 'The flanges 9a and 9b are provided to secure and position Said refractory material within the hot top. It should be noted that the refractory material 10 may be packed into the casing 9 and hardened therein by a burning lor baking operation,

ysimilar to that used in burning firebrick.

webs 13b and 13c of the hot top, as illustrated. A lining member 3 is represented in broken lines; the upper edge 3a thereof, however, is

shown before it is out-turned to engage the y hot top. i

Figure IV shows a still further modified form of this invention, and comprises a hot top 16. In this form of hot top, a core 17 is baked according to usual foundry practice, and the metal walls 16n and 16", and the flanges 16c and 16d are all formed in one casting operation around the saidcore, which is allowedto remain Within the hot top to serve as heat insulating material. A lining member 3 may be ailixed in this hot top in the same general manner as that described supra, in conjunction With the other forms of hot tops.

It is preferable to allow the lining members 3 to remain on the sinkhead of the ingot, and be sheared oi the same therewith. To a'ord means of attaching stripping tackle to the hot tops, 'there' is provided the eye lugs 18, which are cast integrally With the outer shells of the hot tops.

The structures herein disclosed provide a.

hot top which may be used in the teeming of an indefinite number of ing-ots, the inexpensive lining member being the only element thereof that requires replacement for the pouring of each ingot.

What We claim is:

1. A hot-top for ingot molds comprising a metallic shell including insulating material, together with a thin lining member inwardly covering said metallic shell-from direct contact' with molten metal.

' 2. A hot-top for ingot molds comprisinga metallic shell having an outer Wall with 1nsulating material positioned adjacent thereto and inner shell portions retaining the insulating material so positioned, together with `a thin metallic lining member inwardly covering the inner metal shell portions from di rect contact with molten metal.

In witness whereof, we hereunto set our hands.

EUGENE L. MESSLER. JAMES M. GUTHRIE. 

